LaTeX based graphics: Tikz/PGF, asymptote, pstricks.PLaSM (Programming Language of Solid Modeling).Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML).Initial Graphics Exchange Specification (IGES).and if you care about indirect code based CAD (aka generative, programmatic design) I have made a list here as well.
Here I have also listed all the Free and Open source CAM/CNC software I could find. Or if you know other options not listed here please add to the comments. If there are good books, examples, demos, tutorials. I have searched the internet and I have found some of the open source 3D and 2D CAD packages. Or you are just normal sane person who is using a non-Windows operating system like macOS or GNU/Linux, who finds the whole concept of running a virtual machine just for your CAD insane! Or you are an student and you want to work on your own computer rather than the college/University computers. Or maybe you are a big company which is suffering from huge licensing fees imposed by the companies. Or you are a startup and you don't have the resources to pay for expensive licensing fees, or you care about your privacy and don't want to use freemium/shareware/spyware proprietary software which nobody know what information they collect about you. You are a teacher and you follow certain ethics to do not promote a specific comercial package over the others. For example if you are a scientist and you want to be sure about the reproducibility of your work. There are many reasons one may want to use Free and Open Source CAD software. Curated list of awsome Free and Open Source Software for engineering and science